Why does mannitol cause pulmonary edema

Mannitol is contraindicated in Pulmonary edema and Pulmonary congestion. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic, it increases osmolarity of blood and extracts fluid from intracellular compartments into Extracellular compartment. This leads to ECF expansion, and volume overload until diuresis begins. People with congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema cannot handle this extracellular fluid expansion, and their condition deteriorate if Mannitol is given to such cases.

Excessive doses of mannitol in smaller time is known to cause pulmonary edema. Furosemide is a loop diuretic; it is diuretic of choice in cases with pulmonary edema and heart disease. Loop diuretics are cornerstone of cardiogenic pulmonary edema treatment. Furosemide is used most commonly. Following diuresis, patients may be slightly hypovolemic with associated decreases cardiac output and blood pressure.

Hypokalemia and hypernatremia may also occurs. Hypernatremia is due to excess loss of water compared to sodium. High doses of mannitol can also be nephrotoxic increased risk in patients with prior renal insufficiency. Enable Autosuggest. You have successfully created a MyAccess Profile for alertsuccessName. Previous Chapter. Next Chapter. Everson G. Everson, Gary W. Chapter In: Olson KR. Olson K. Kent R. McGraw Hill; Accessed November 11, Olson KR.

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