We do not truly own anything. The earth cracks as it moves. We do not need to hasten the process. Short term monetary gains will create a human and economic crisis of gigantic proportions. Chris Landau. March 21, chrislandau yahoo. Your News. Posted: April 02, Posted: April 02, 0. A few instances stem from hydraulic fracturing, in which large volumes of water, sand and chemicals are pumped into rock formations in order to free oil or gas.
Oklahoma has been rocked by more magnitude-3 quakes than California, the most seismically active of the lower 48 states, Petersen said. Earlier this week, the Oklahoma Geological Survey acknowledged that it was very likely most of the recent shaking was from wastewater disposal.
Many faults awakened by drilling have not moved in millions of years, Geological Survey geophysicist William Ellsworth said. As you pass across a fault you may not always cross from one formation type which was deposited under certain conditions, to another. This sudden change of stability and pressure may not be correctly balanced by the drilling fluid pressure, this imbalance may lead to several unpleased things happening.
So drilling through a fault can have some untoward effects in the drilling process,. The actual zone of the fault may have a fair amount of broken rubble which could cave into the bore hole, worst case it may lead to the drill string getting stuck in the hole, which is expensive. You could loose circulation, basically the fault can be a fissure into which all the drilling fluid can drain.
The loss of drilling fluid, whilst representing a cost, may also lead to a decrease in the pressure further up the hole as hydrostatic head is lost. The drop in well bore pressure may not correctly balance the formation pressures and so a kick may be induced, or well bore collapse.
You enter into a new formation with a higher formation pressure. The drilling fluid pressure and the formation pressure are out of balance and the well bore may collapse, or if there are permeable and porous formations, formation fluids may be forced into the well bore resulting in a kick and a blowout.
A fault may also be a conduction path from deeper formations to shallower formations. This is a particular problem in gas basins. Basically a shallow formation in communication through a fault with a deeper gas bearing formation may become charged up to the same pressure as the deeper formation.
Now this becomes a problem when one drills into the shallow formation expecting pressure of a few hundred psi, but in fact finding pressures of several thousand.
Blowouts and chaos normally ensue. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other.
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