As mentioned above, the ES comes solely in front-wheel drive. Rear-wheel drive comes standard on the IS and , but all-wheel drive is available on each trim level. The sporty collection of deluxe two-door Lexus models contains a mix of drivetrain availability.
The UX, the smallest Lexus utility vehicle, makes all-wheel drive standard equipment on its higher-level and h trims, but the UX trims are only made in front-wheel drive.
The Lexus full-time 4WD system includes active traction control, with the proprietary TORSEN torque-sensing limited-slip center differential with electronic lock for optimally efficient power distribution between axles. The four-wheel Active Traction Control uses sensors on each wheel to detect wheel slippage and immediately apply braking to that wheel as it shifts power to the wheels with the best traction.
All levels of the GX base, Premium, and Luxury come standard with full-time four-wheel drive. Saab's XWD system can send as much as 85 percent of available engine torque to a single rear wheel if its ECU deems necessary.
The result is what is known as a yaw moment, the scientific term for when the car swings its tail and rotates through a turn. Nissan has a video demonstration of the Juke's Torque Vectoring system in action. How it works: Subaru built its reputation on its Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system, so it's no surprise that nearly every vehicle that wears the automaker's Pleiades-inspired badge is underpinned by it.
Some automatic transmission-equipped models can send even more power up to 90 percent in either direction, but the center differential's design prevents Subaru's system from ever locking completely in front- or rear-wheel-drive modes.
How they work: Vehicles that fall into this category are usually built from the ground up as all-wheel-drive vehicles. Rare cases, such as Mini Cooper Countryman's All4 system, are even able to send percent of available torque to either the front or rear end. Advantages: Increased grip in slippery situations, faster reaction to road conditions, increased safety, and best overall safety.
How it works: No doubt, you've probably noticed Quattro popping up all over this roundup. Audi vehicles have been wearing the Quattro badge since and in that time the system has gone through six distinct generations. If you count the additions of the sport differential to the fifth-generation system, then increase that number to seven. If you also count the Volkswagen-developed transverse engine systems like the one in the R8, go ahead and add a few more. On models with the sport differential, torque vectoring is added to the rear axle.
We like to call that version 5. The newest sixth-generation Quattro system is currently only available on the RS5, which can alter torque application by sending up to 70 percent of available power to the front axle or up to 85 percent to the rear.
This new "Crown Gear" differential is more rugged than the Torsen type of the fifth generation and is meant to eventually replace the older system. Its center differential is upgraded to an electronically managed Driver Controlled Center Differential DCCD unit, which essentially acts like both an open and a limited-slip differential, depending on what it's being asked to do at the moment.
Additionally, both the front and rear axles gets limited-slip differentials of their own for maintaining grip from left to right. Sophisticated all-wheel drive technology monitors current road conditions and automatically distributes engine power between the front and rear axles to provide optimum stability and control. Take your adventures further than ever before with the city-sized Lexus UX h AWD This innovative AWD system is the smallest and lightest ever fitted to a Lexus vehicle, boosting both capability and efficiency.
Combining intuitive technology, design, and potent turbocharged engine power, the LEXUS NX is ready to take on whatever obstacle comes your way. The center differential can be locked with the press of a button for impressive off-road traction. The Lexus four-wheel-drive system sends power to all four wheels at all times.
If any wheel slips, brake force is applied to the slipping wheel and driving force is sent to the wheels with grip. Lexus AWD offers innovative driving technology that immediately responds to your current road conditions.
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